English participles formation

The present participle

The students learning English were standing on a table.

As the example already shows, the formation of the present participle is not difficult. Because only one –ing has to be attached at the end of the verb. Just as the example shows.

The past participle

Likewise, the formation of this participle is not much harder. All you have to do is attach an –ed to the verb. Unless it is an irregular verb, then you must use the 3rd principal form (Past Participle), here are the 100 most important irregular verbs..

For example:

sung

learned

Participles with be and have

Participles with be:

being learned

In English, the Past Participle together with the form of to be has a Passive meaning. This is used as to be form being and the participle ends in -ed or, if it is irregular, the 3rd verb form is used (Past Participle), here is a table with the 100 most important irregular verbs.

Participles mit have:

Unlike a past participle with be, a past participle with have expresses a preterm. In other words, the process of describing it happened in this sentence. So, it’s a third participle, called Perfect Participles. In contrast to the other two participles, there are 2 variants of English perfect participle:

VARIANTE 1 (PERFECT PARTICIPLES 1):

General formation:

having + 3rd verb form

An example:

Having learned English the students go home.

VARIANTE 2 (PERFECT PARTICIPLE 2):

General formation:

having been + 3rd verb form

An example:

The English lesson having been taught by a teacher was long.